Cal Fremling Papers

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  Polander Lake and Islands

  Cal R. Fremling

  Folder of plans, color photographs, and correspondence regarding the Corps of Engineers project to rehabilitate Polander Lake (or Pollander Lake) and construct islands. Correspondents include Fremling and Colonel Richard W. Craig. 10 pages. Part of the Cal R. Fremling Collection.

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  A plan for industrial park creation, lake dredging, and wetland restoration at Winona, Minnesota

  Cal R. Fremling, Robert J. Bollant, and Neal D. Mundahl

  From executive summary: "This document provides information pertinent to: 1) creating an industrial park within Winona's flood dikes by filling a drained wetland with dredged sand from Lake Winona, 2) deepening the east basin of Lake Winona by dredging, thus improving the shallow eutrophic lake and providing the necessary fill for the industrial park, and 3) mitigating the loss of wetland within the industrial park by restoring degraded wetlands adjacent to Lake Winona."

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  Dredging 1990 resource people

  Cal R. Fremling

  Handwritten list of resources/contacts, their institutions, and their qualifications, to weigh in on dredging proposals. Includes people from Winona State University, Wisconsin and Minnesota DNR, St. Mary's College, and the Lake Winona Committee. 2 pages. Part of the Cal R. Fremling Collection.

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  Dredging Lake Winona Heckman notes

  Cal R. Fremling

  Fremling's handwritten notes regarding a meeting with George Heckman, who dredged Lake Winona in 1951-1952. Includes history of local and nearby locality dredgings (Minnesota and Wisconsin), and Heckman's recommendations for dredging Lake Winona. 2 pages. Part of the Cal R. Fremling Collection.

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  Dredging services correspondence

  Cal R. Fremling

  Correspondence and resolution concerning the dredging of Lake Winona. Folder titled: "Marsh supporting letters notes & plans." Includes a letter from Eric B. Sorenson (City Manager, Winona) to Darrell Krueger (President, WSU) requesting services of Fremling to work with Robert Bollant (Director, Winona Public Works) on preparing a dredging mitigation plan. Also included is a resolution of the plan signed by Mayor Tom Slaggie. 2 pages. Part of the Cal R. Fremling Collection.

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  Lake Winona mitigation plans

  Cal R. Fremling

  Mitigation plans for dredging Lake Winona and Riverbend Industrial Park. Initial plan dated January 17, 1990, including a memo regarding engineering costs, and revised plan dated May 25, 1990. Documents annotated. 5 pages. Part of the Cal R. Fremling Collection.

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  LCMR budget revision

  Cal R. Fremling

  Handwritten budget revision by Calvin R. Fremling regarding the LCMR (Legislative Commission on Minnesota Resources) funding proposal, "A Cooperative Project Between Winona State University and the City of Winona to Restore Lake Winona Wetlands Dominated by the Noxious Exotic Weed, Purple Loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria)." Created in response to John Velin's letter requesting a revised, reduced budget/proposal from Fremling. Calculations show difference between original proposal costs and revised. 1 page. Part of the Cal R. Fremling Collection.

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  LCMR mitigation plan

  Cal R. Fremling

  Correspondence and report for the proposed dredging plans for Lake Winona and Riverbend Industrial Park. Memo from Robert J. Bollant to Calvin R. Fremling detailing engineering costs, and general report outline with expanded construction costs. Report is duplicated elsewhere in collection, in folders related to the 1991 Legislative Commission on Minnesota Resources proposals created by Fremling and colleagues. 3 pages. Part of the Cal R. Fremling Collection.

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  LCMR revision correspondence

  Cal R. Fremling

  Correspondence between John Velin (Director of the Legislative Commission on Minnesota Resources) and Calvin R. Fremling regarding the LCMR funding proposal, "A Cooperative Project Between Winona State University and the City of Winona to Restore Lake Winona Wetlands Dominated by the Noxious Exotic Weed, Purple Loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria)." Velin's letter requests a revised, reduced proposal from Fremling; Fremling's response describes the revised proposal and briefly details the reductions made (revised proposal not included in folder). 2 pages. Part of the Cal R. Fremling Collection.

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  LCMR St. Paul Meeting documents

  Cal R. Fremling

  Correspondence and notes for the 1991 LCMR funding proposal, "A Cooperative Project Between Winona State University and the City of Winona to Restore Lake Winona Wetlands Dominated by the Noxious Exotic Weed, Purple Loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria)." Includes Fremling's notes on the official presentation of proposal to Legislative Commission on Minnesota Resources in St. Paul (by Calvin R. Fremling, Neal Mundahl, and Robert Bollant), contact information, general strategy notes, and correspondence from John Velin (Director of LCMR) regarding finalist proposals. 10 pages. Part of the Cal R. Fremling Collection.

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  Marsh and dredging plan notes

  Cal R. Fremling

  3 handwritten pages of notes concerning the "general marsh plan," general health of marsh via samples, ideas, acronyms of local environmental groups/programs, and meetings with Upper Mississippi River groups members. Folder titled "Notes." 3 pages. Part of the Cal R. Fremling Collection.

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  Marsh and dredging plan, section I

  Cal R. Fremling

  Report titled: "A plan for industrial park creation, lake dredging, and wetland restoration at Winona, Minnesota." Report timeline (pages 25-28) suggests it was drafted concurrently with Fremling and Mundahl's proposal to LCMR (Legislative Commission on Minnesota Resources). Folder titled "Marsh etc. Section I." 29 pages. Part of the Cal R. Fremling Collection.

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  Recurrence of hexagenia mayflies demonstrates improved water quality in Pool 2 and Lake Pepin, Upper Mississippi River

  Cal R. Fremling

  Article by Calvin R. Fremling and D. Kent Johnson regarding mayflies as biological indicators of water quality in areas of the Upper Mississippi River. Fremling and Johnson credited respectively as "Biology Department, Winona State University, Winona, Minnesota, 55987, USA," and "Metropolitan Waste Control Commission, St. Paul, Minnesota, 55101, USA." Abstract: "Hexagenia mayflies are good indicators of general water quality because they have long life cycles and because their burrowing nymphs, which are unable to tolerate anaerobic conditions or swim long distances, live in sediments where toxins tend to accumulate. While chemical tests only describe water quality in terms of specific parameters and times, Hexagenia distribution indicates synergistic effects of many toxins, anoxia and other stresses throughout the year. Over 1,400 collections of imagoes and subimagoes along the Upper Mississippi River in 1957-1968,1976 showed that most of the 29 navigation pools supported large populations, as did impoundments upstream of Minneapolis-St.Paul. Populations were non-existant or meager in Pool 2 and Lake Pepin, however, due to METRO pollution. Collections made in 1986 showed that recent pollution abatement measures have enabled Hexagenia to attain nuisance levels in the two areas, thus establishing that mayfly distribution can be utilized to assess the well-being of a river which is so large that it is difficult to monitor effectively or economically by standard methods." Article originally presented at the 5th International Ephemeroptera Conference and the 9th International Plecoptera Conference, Marysville, Australia, and printed in Mayflies and Stoneflies: Life Histories and Biology (collected conference proceedings, edited by Ian C. Campbell). 6 pages. Part of the Cal R. Fremling Collection.

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  Rough proposal drafts and notes

  Cal R. Fremling

  Folder of multiple project proposal drafts including: - Riverbend Industrial Park development project - Lake Winona dredging project - Wetland restoration project (ultimately the LCMR presentation "A Cooperative Project Between Winona State University and the City of Winona to Restore Lake Winona Wetlands Dominated by the Noxious Exotic Weed, Purple Loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria)." Multiple copies included with annotations, corrections/discussion, maps, images. Folder titled "Ruf Drafts." 205 pages. Part of the Cal R. Fremling Collection.

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  Hexagenia mayflies: biological monitors of water quality in the Upper Mississippi River

  Cal R. Fremling

  Article by Calvin R. Fremling regarding mayflies as river toxicity and water quality monitors. Fremling is credited as "professor in the Department of Biology at Winona State University, Winona, MN." Abstract: "Analysis of Hexagenia mayfly distribution patterns has proven to be a simple, inexpensive method of monitoring water quality in the Upper Mississippi River. Burrowing Hexagenia nymphs live at the mud-water interface intimately associated with organically enriched sediments that have a strong affinity for contaminants. By their presence or absence in silted habitats, they assess the synergistic effects of hypoxia, toxins, and other stresses throughout the year. Adults are large and easily collected, providing inexpensive water quality monitoring on a river so large that comprehensive chemical, physical, and biological analyses are not logistically feasible or affordable. Pollution abatement in metropolitan Minneapolis-St. Paul allowed a recurrence of Hexagenia in formerly denuded areas of Pool 2 and Lake Pepin during the early 1980s, but the drought of 1988 caused a population crash in both areas, demonstrating that the environment at the mud-water interface was intolerable to Hexagenia during low flow conditions." Article originally from Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science, volume 55, number 1, 1989. 5 pages. Part of the Cal R. Fremling Collection.

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  Lake Winona dredging documents

  Cal R. Fremling

  Folder of documents for dredging of Lake Winona, including: - Report and data created by Twin City Testing Corporation for Winona Public Works, to analyze Lake Winona sediments for PCBs and heavy metals - Handwritten meeting notes, attendance, and contact information - Outline/plan titled "Dredging Lake Winona and Filling 96 acres in Riverbend Industrial Park Also included is correspondence with David Ballman of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and a Star Tribune news clipping concerning wetlands rules at the federal government level. 14 pages. Part of the Cal R. Fremling Collection.

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  Lake Winona sediment testing report

  Cal R. Fremling

  Report, data, and map created by Twin City Testing Corporation for Winona Public Works, to analyze Lake Winona sediments for PCBs and heavy metals. Includes one sheet of a plan map for dredging Lake Winona (created separately). 5 pages. Part of the Cal R. Fremling Collection.

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  LCMR correspondence, 1989-1990

  Cal R. Fremling

  Correspondence and documents regarding the 1991 LCMR funding proposal, "A Cooperative Project Between Winona State University and the City of Winona to Restore Lake Winona Wetlands Dominated by the Noxious Exotic Weed, Purple Loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria)." Includes letters and documents from John Velin (Director of the Legislative Commission on Minnesota Resources), letters to Velin from Neal D. Mundahl, letters from Calvin R. Fremling to state legislators, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and Ducks Unlimited. Also included is a business card for Richard J. Beatty of the US Army Corps of Engineers, St. Paul District. 22 pages. Part of the Cal R. Fremling Collection.

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  Mississippi River Fisheries: A Case History

  Cal R. Fremling

  Article by Calvin R. Fremling, Jerry L. Rasmussen, Richard E. Sparks, Stephen P. Cobb, C. Fred Bryan, and Thomas O. Claflin regarding human industry and impact on the fish populations of the Mississippi River, interactions between upper and lower river valleys, fish types, commercial fish harvests, water quality, and fishery projections. Abstract: "The Mississippi River (MR) is severely regulated, mainly for transportation and flood control. The Headwaters (HW) flow through 9 eutrophic and mesotrophic glacial lakes and 11 dams. Intensive channelization of the Upper Mississippi River (UMR) for navigation was begun in 1878, and the river is now routinely dredged. Broad, shallow impoundments were created on the UMR when 29 navigation dams were constructed during the 1930s to create a slack-water navigation channel 2.7 —m deep between St. Louis, Missouri, and St. Paul, Minnesota. The Lower Mississippi River (LMR) has been channelized and shortened 229 km, but remains undammed; its natural floodplain has been decreased about 90% by levee construction begun in 1727. The Atchafalaya River (AR), a major distributary and distinct ecological component, normally receives about 20% of the discharge of the mainstem MR. MR backwaters are important fish production and nursery habitats, and most may be lost to sedimentation and eutrophication within 50 yr. Louisiana's coastal wetlands are critical to marine fishes and invertebrates, and about 0.6% are being lost yearly to natural and human-induced forces, including levees which divert sediment directly into the Gulf of Mexico, instead of allowing it to build up the delta during annual floods. Although the supply of organic matter (OM) carried downstream in the main channel exceeds requirements for secondary production within the river, the bulk of this OM may be recalcitrant and of little nutritional value to invertebrates and fish. Distribution of 241 fish species reported from mainstem MR and AR has been influenced mainly by glaciation, natural barriers and human activities; species diversity generally increases downstream. Estimated annual UMR commercial fish harvest has ranged from 22.9 kg*ha-1 to 32.8 kg*ha-1 with standing stock estimates ranging as high as 1.035 kg*ha-1. in a tributary mouth of the Middle Mississippi River (MMR). Average standing stock in backwaters within the unleveed AR basin is 860 kg*ha-1. Annual harvest of sport fish on the UMR ranges from 15.9 kg*ha-1 in northern pools to 2.9 kg*ha-1 in southern pools. Throughout the MR and AR, sport fishing contributes much more to the economy than commercial fishing. A positive relation exists between area of inundated AR floodplain and commercial harvest of aquatic animals whose life spans approximate one year. There are fewer fishing regulations on the LMR and AR than on the HW, UMR, or MMR but they are considered adequate because the fishery apparently accommodates local demands. Recent environmental legislation requires mitigation for loss of fish and wildlife habitat, as well as rehabilitation of areas already degraded." Article reprinted as a distinct publication from Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 106, Proceedings of the International Large River Symposium. Edited by Douglas P. Dodge. Produced by Fisheries and Oceans, Canada. 44 pages. Part of the Cal R. Fremling Collection.

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  Effects of reclamation on an urban winter-kill lake at Winona, Minnesota, U.S.A.

  Cal R. Fremling

  Article by Calvin R. Fremling regarding severe winter kills at Lake Winona and their results on various fish populations. From introduction: "Lake Winona (Fig. 1), which lies within the City of Winona in southeastern Minnesota, is highly eutrophic because it receives nutrient-rich urban runoff and has stored erosion products from surrounding agricultural land. Severe winter kills in 1965 and 1969 allowed rough fish to dominate the lake until 1973, when it was reclaimed to create a sport fishery, mainly for children, the elderly and handicapped. Reclamation has caused complex limnological changes." Article originally from Verhandlungen des Internationalen Verein Limnologie (Verh. Internat. Verein Limnol.), volume 23, January 1988. "This is a reprint of Verhandlungen - Proceedings - Travaux of the International Association for Theoretical and Applied Limnology, Congress in New Zealand 1987." 6 pages. Part of the Cal R. Fremling Collection.

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  Dredge permit applications and public notices

  Cal R. Fremling

  Reports, permit applications, and public notices for the Lake Winona dredging proposals, including: - Lake Winona dredging recommendations, by the Lake Winona Committee - Feasibility report redredging of Lake Winona, by Robert J. Bollant, Director of Winona Public Works - Amendment to April 27, 1987 Feasibility report redredging of Lake Winona, by Robert J. Bollant, Director of Winona Public Works Also included are multiple copies of a public notice of permit application for dredging Lake Winona, and correspondence from Bollant to Jim Cooper (MN DNR). 77 pages. Part of the Cal R. Fremling Collection.

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  Dredging feasibility report, 1987

  Cal R. Fremling

  Feasibility report redredging of Lake Winona, from April 27, 1987, by Robert J. Bollant, Winona Director of Public Works. Copy is an unannotated duplicate. 9 pages. Part of the Cal R. Fremling Collection.

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  Human impacts on Mississippi River ecology

  Cal R. Fremling

  Article by Calvin R. Fremling regarding human industrial effects on the Mississippi River system, with special notice to interactions between the upper river and the coastal zone of Louisiana and the Atchafalaya River. From the introduction: "The Mississippi River has been vital in the exploration, colonization and development of the United States; during the past 150 years it has been particularly important in the transport of commercial cargoes. Intensively developed to serve as a water highway to the sea, the river has been shortened, dammed, constrained, dredged and polluted. Man's modifications have had profound ecological impacts - not only on the river itself, but also on Louisiana's fragile wetlands and barrier islands." Originally presented at/printed in Estuarine and Coastal Management - Tools of the Trade. Proceedings of the Tenth National conference of the Coastal Society. October 12-15, 1986. New Orleans, LA. 5 pages. Part of the Cal R. Fremling Collection.

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  Lake Winona dredging reports

  Cal R. Fremling

  Reports and memo for the Lake Winona dredging proposal. Includes multiple copies of: - Lake Winona Dredging Recommendations by the Lake Winona Committee - Feasibility report: redredging of Lake Winona by Robert J. Bollant, Winona Director of Public Works. 59 pages. Part of the Cal R. Fremling Collection.

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  Dredging notes folder

  Cal R. Fremling

  Correspondence, notes, maps, drawings, and general documents regarding dredging of Lake Winona, the Lake Winona Committee, mosquito control, and the 1991 LCMR funding proposal, "A Cooperative Project Between Winona State University and the City of Winona to Restore Lake Winona Wetlands Dominated by the Noxious Exotic Weed, Purple Loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria)." Includes telephone conversation notes, hand drawn maps by Fremling, contact information, maps, piezometer data, Lake Winona soil data, photocopied articles, dredging report recommendations by the Lake Winona Committee, mitigation plan (related to area outlined in LCMR funding proposal), observation deck plans, pamphlets and mailers, and a copy of the unrevised 1991 LCMR Funding Proposal. 68 pages. Part of the Cal R. Fremling Collection.